PROBLEMS,
OPINIONS
Museums
in the Strategy of Development of Cultural Tourism
Gintautas
INDRIŪNAS
The State
Department of Tourism
It was suggested, that, when Lithuania becomes a member of European Union,
big, complex projects of preservation and employment of Lithuanian
cultural heritage to be held, financed from the EU structural funds.
Priority-projects would be oriented onto development of the activities
of the museums, and, also, would stimulate private business and the
growth of employment, would disseminate tourist information, would
attract more tourists, would develop understanding of the importance of
preservation and opportunities of employment of the natural and cultural
values.
Do
We Recognize Our Visitor?
Sociological
Researches of Museum Visitors
Vilma KORLIENĖ
Lithuanian
Art Museum
The
author of the article compares experience of the sociological research
of the Lithuanian museum visitors, and that of the Western Europe.
This type of research was started in Lithuanian in the last decade of
XX-th century. The most detailed research is done about the exhibition:
“Christianity in Lithuanian Art” in Lithuanian Art Museum (open from
December 1999 until the end of 2003). The subjects of research were
sexes of visitors, occupations of visitors (school children, students,
and pensioners), how often they come to the museums, what they did
recall from the expositions, how do they evaluate exhibitions. The rest
of the research-material collected at the other expositions about
visitors was limited: that was only the data about the number of
visitors that museum needs for accountancy.
Museums
in the Labyrinths of the Internet Information
Danutė MUKIENĖ,
Manager of the Internet-Portal “Lithuanian Museums”
Internet-portal
“Lithuanian Museums” informs about all Lithuanian museums in
Lithuanian, English, German and French languages (http://www.muziejai.lt).
Several museums have their web-sites separately from this portal even
when they lack the experience of the web-administration of these
sites.
Three of the presented at the competition web-sites were nominated in
the category “The Art, Photography, Literature, Cinema and the other
Cultural Phenomena” at the 8-th, traditional Lithuanian Championship
of the Best Web-Sites, held in the beginning of the year 2003. Those
were: informational web-site of The Kaišiadorys Museum http://www.kaisiadoriumuziejus.lt,
Internet-portal “Lithuanian museums” http://www.muziejai.lt,
and informational web-site of The Museum of The Samogitian
Diocese http://www.varniai-museum.lt
PROGRAMS,
PROJECTS
The
Palace of Grand Dukes: the Future Gate of Lithuanian Tourism
Romualdas
BUDRYS
Lithuanian Art Museum
The Palace of Grand Dukes of Lithuanian Grand Duchy was completely
destroyed in XIX-th century. Now, rebuilding of the Palace has begun.
The program of recreation of interiors of The Palace of Grand Dukes and
adaptation of those for the representational, museological, and
educational purposes has begun in Lithuanian Art Museum, in 2002, on the
instruction of the Minister of Culture Mrs. Roma Žakaitienė.
The outline (second edition) of the program was presented in March 12,
2003.
The outline of the program concretely defines the purpose of the spaces
of the Palace, it gives the functional scheme of the spaces, solves the
questions of the optimal ways of reception of the visitors, defines the
itineraries of the streams of visitors, foresees the forms of
organization and implementation of representational events, special,
educational and cultural programs.
Lithuanian Art Museum arranged the Hall of Projects of the Palace of
Grand Dukes in Vilnius Art Gallery, representing involutes of the
frontages, plans of spaces of every floor of the Palace, the itineraries
of the streams of visitors, computer-visual reconstruction, new model of
the Palace.
Ways
to the Structural Funds of the European Union
Vaiva LANKELIENĖ
Lithuanian
Sea Museum
There is a project to create the
center of the sea entertainment,
the recreationt and health in one complex with the Lithuanian Sea
Museum. 3-4 swimming pools of different sizes and depths will be built,
also, basins for the dolphins, dolphin-therapy, healing-spaces, children
training classes, café, restaurants, shops, hotels, children games and
entertainment squares, beaches and the other infrastructure in the
square of 130 000 sq.m. as well. The preliminary budget of this project
is over 20 mln. EUR; the financial support is expected from the EU
Structural funds.
EU
Financial Support for cultural Projects:
New Competition-Program “Culture 2000: What is this?”
Vaidilė PUKIENĖ
The
Center of the European Cultural Programs
European
Parliament and European Council initiated the program “Culture 2000”
in February 14-th, 2000. The purpose of this program is to give a
support cultural projects, to cherish the joint cultural space of
European nations. This program supports cooperation between artists,
cultural operators, private and governmental cultural organizations,
cultural networks and other partners, also, cooperation between the
cultural institutions of EU member states and cultural institutions of
the other countries, participating in the program.
The priority of the support-program in year 2004 will be the cultural
heritage. The special attention will be dedicated to the cooperative
projects with participation of the cultural operators of EU and European
Economic Zone, the cultural operators of candidate-countries.
Important part of the cultural heritage is museum’s heritage;
that’s, why the center of European programs encourages and invites
museologists and the other cultural operators to initiate projects or to
become co-organizers of the other projects and to use the opportunities
of the financial support from the program “Culture 2000”.
COOPERATION
Marketing
the Cooperation of the Tourism Enterprises and the
Museums.
The Cooperation of the Tourism Enterprises and the Museums in
The Marketing
Dr.
Kęstutis AMBROZAITIS
Lithuanian Tourism Exchange
Tourism
companies and tour-organizers can organize attractive trips in
partnership with the museums. The author of the article analyses several
aspects of the marketing of tourism, mutually productive aspects of
co-operation between museums and tourist-service providing companies.
Museologists are interested in representation of the expositions to the
number of visitors, in spreading the information within the society.
Museums and tourist-service companies in cooperation could achieve the
better progress. Museums could cooperate with neighboring cafes, shops
in publishing of the booklets, catalogues, to participate with their
materials and goods in the tourist-fairs, to include visits to the
museums into the programs of acknowledgement tours organized by the
local tourist companies for journalists and business-partners.
Tourist
Informational Centers in Land Museums.
Experience of the Museum of Šilutė
Roza
ŠIKŠNIENĖ
There are about 30 tourism-informational centers working in the
land-museums of Lithuania. Open Society Fund financed the project to
create “Cultural and Tourism Informational Center” in The Museum of
Šilutė, including the web-site of the center. The Center gives
cultural, historical and tourist information gives opportunities to
order the guided tours in the town and the region, to buy the
publications of the museum. Tourists are aloud to use the funds of the
library, periodicals and historical materials. This is useful for the
museum in terms of the economy.
Forms
of Museum-Work in National and Regional Parks.
Experience of The Panemuniai Regional Park
Viktoras
GANUSAUSKAS
Panemuniai Regional Park
Panemuniai Regional Park works in cooperation with scientists and
museologists. It’s activities consist of the Lower River Nemunas
preservation, reviving of the castles, the manor houses, and the former
settlements of ancient people, etc. The staff of the Park is
organizing the exhibitions about the Lithuanian nature, flora and
fauna, as well as educational programs.
NEW MUSEUMS AND EXPOSITIONS
M.
K. Čiurlionis Gallery – One of the Modern Museums in
Lithuania
Vaiva
LAUKAITIENĖ
M. K. Čiurlionis National Art Museum, Division of M.K.Čiurlionis
The gallery of M.K.Čiurlionis was open after reconstruction. There are
113 paintings of the most famous Lithuanian painter and composer of the
beginning of the XX-th century exposed here. There were new systems of
preservation, conditioning, lighting security equipped for very
sensitive paintings, tempera, pastels; the acoustic of the Music Hall
was improved.
Impressive
Exhibition of Shells in the Sea Museum
Rūta MAŽEIKIENĖ
Lithuanian Sea Museum
A part of the constant exposition of Lithuanian Sea Museum “Variety of
Shells of Mollusks” is renovated in Lithuanian Sea Museum. There are
1230 examples of shells exposed (504 sorts). Totally, the museum has 23
000 exhibits; that is the one of the best collections in Europe in terms
of variety of the sorts of the shells and their scientific
identification.
The concept of the exhibition is the classic one; the shells are grouped
according to the scientific classification, so, that visitors could get
acknowledged to the places in the oceans the shells were found, the
Latin names of mollusks, names of those in Lithuanian and English.
Shells that were given Lithuanian names are exposed separately. Those
are holotips, rare sorts, very
little known by the scientists, examples, for the first time described
and preserved in the Lithuanian Sea Museum.
Findings
of Medieval Graveyard in Kernavė Museum’s Exposition
Dalia VAIČIŪNIENĖ
Archeological and Historical Museum of the Kernavė State Cultural
Reservation
The collection of the findings from the research and excavation done by
dr. Gintautas Vėlius during the number of years at the old Kernavė
Kriveikiškis grave-places (XIII-XIV centuries) is exposed for the first
time at Kernavė Museum. The excavated cerements show, that the
community of pagans and christians, tribes of Lithuanians, jotvingiai,
slavic tribes used to live here, that the inhabitants of the town have
had trade relations with the Western Europe, Kiev’s Russia and the
Near East.
The most valuable exhibits here are the ten plates of silver, few of
them covered with gold, decorated with herbal motives or a glass; plates
were used to decorate the hats.
The
History and Culture of Manors of Rokiškis’ Suburbs – In the
Palace of Tiesenhaus – Przezdzecki
Ona MACKEVIČIENĖ,
Manager of the Division of History, Rokiškis Land Museum
The exhibition “The History and Culture of the Manors of Rokiškis’
Suburbs” was open in Rokiškis Land Museum, in 7 newly-restored halls.
The authentic interiors are recreated in two of the halls to expose
personal items of counts Tiesenhaus-Przezdzecki: family’s silver,
hunting-troves (horns), collections of clothing, Reynolds’
Tiesenhaus’ saddle and bridle – a masterpieces of jeweler’s work.
There are works from XVIII-XIX centuries by French, Italian and Lithuanian
painters, furniture of ampere, neobaroque, neorococo, bydermeyer styles,
candle-stics, vases exposed in the five other halls. Especially valuable
is the collection of works of graphics: works by Ch.Del Agne, P.Parboni,
and A.W.Reynolds.
New
Gallery in Vilnius
Lijana ŠATAVIČIŪTĖ
Institute of Culture, Art and Philosophy
The gallery “Židinys” of Lithuanian exile artists Anastazija and
Antanas Tamošaitis was open this year in Vilnius. Antanas Tamošaitis
is named a Patriarch of the Lithuanian textile; he is, also, the
initiator of the researche of the folk-costume.
There are paintings and graphic-works by Antanas Tamošaitis displayed
in the gallery; tapestries, carpets and paintings by Anastazija Tamošaitienė
(1910-1991). A.Tamošaitis’ collections of the folk-art from pre-WWII
period are exposed in the gallery. Especially valuable is the part of
the collection of fabrics from the XVIII – XIX centuries: bedspreads,
towels, tablecloths and clothing (aprons, skirts, shirts, waistcoats,
shawls), even completed sets of clothing. The items collected by A.Tamošaitis
at the time, when the fashion to wear a folk-costume just disappeared
and the clothing were used by the owner very short time ago.
Renovation
of the Exposition of V. K. Jonynas in Druskininkai
Tomas MICKONIS
The renovation of the exposition in the gallery in Druskininkai is
dedicated to 95-th anniversary of painter, Prof. Vytautas Kazimieras
Jonynas. There are his works from European period exposed from the
period of studies in Paris 1931-1935 and period of emigration in Germany
in 1944-1951, the wood-carvings, book-illustrations, drawings,
litographies.
For the first time, there are illustrations for W.Shakespeares
“Hamlet” exposed; illustrations for O.Milosz's “Miguel Manjara
(the books were not published yet), illustrations for J.W.Goethe’s
“The Siege of Mainz”, the drawings of Nice, Freiburgh, Vilifranco,
Monte Carlo, and the other landscape-drawings and the lithographs of
Meinz displayed.
Frontier-Guards’
Museum Invites Visitors
Loreta DUMBAUSKIENĖ,
Director of the Frontier-Guards’ Museum
The Frontier-Guards’ Museum was open at the State Frontier-Guard
Service’s Headquarters in 2002. The Museum collects and exposes
exhibits from the pre-WWII and the contemporary Lithuania, personal
items and documents belonged to the frontier-guard Gintaras Žagunis,
who was killed in 1991 after the regain of the Lithuanian independence.
There are, also, collections of the Lithuanian frontier-guard’s
costumes, attributes of the costumes of the frontier-guards, donated by
the foreign partners.
IN THE EXHIBITION HALLS
The Jubilee of King Mindaugas
Crown and the Seventh Renovation of the
Exposition “Christianity in the Lithuanian Art”
Dr. Vydas DOLINSKAS
Lithuanian Art Museum, Vilnius University
The exposition, open from December 1999 in the Museum of Applied Art was
renovated for the last 7-th time. This time, there were facsimiles of
the values of Lithuanistics from Western and Central Europe’s cultural
heritage organizations presented here. The main accents of this
renovation were Lithuanian King Mindaugas’ letter of donation with the
only remaining stamp of majestic style, preserved in the Secret Prussian
State Archive in Berlin, and the Tiara of the Roman Catholic Pope Pius
the XI-th from the Treasury of Vatican.
Certificates of the
Lithuanian Statehood from the Russian Depositories. Exhibition
“Lithuanian Grand Duchy and Russia in XIV-XVIII
centuries”
Žygintas BUČYS
Lithuanian National Museum
Exhibition “Lithuanian Grand Duchy and Russia in XIV-XVIII centuries”
was open in Lithuanian National Museum, representing the Lithuanistics
preserved in Russian museums and archives. The most unique exhibits are:
Lithuanian-Russian Treaties, two copies of the first books printed by
P.Skorina in Lithuania in XVI-th century, donations of Lithuanian
diplomats to Russian Tsars of XVII
century, and four books of
Lithuanian Metrika from the Lithuanian Grand Duchy’s Office
Archive, for the first time after 200 years returned to Lithuania.
Portraits of the Historical Personalities in the Exhibition
Portraits of the Historical
Personalities in the Exhibition“Creators
of the Lithuanian State” (XVI-XX-th centuries)
Laima
BIALOPETRAVIČIENĖ, dr. Giedrė JANKEVIČIŪTĖ
Lithuanian Art Museum
The international exhibition “Creators of the Lithuanian State
(XVI-XX-th centuries)” is a project of The Lithuanian Art Museum,
dedicated to the jubilee of the Lithuanian State, 750-th anniversary of
the crown of king Mindaugas. There are portraits of the persons who did
create Lithuanian state, persons, distinguished in military and
diplomatic activities, who stimulated development of the development of
the culture, art and economy, the portraits of the exhibition depicts
the context of the development of the Lithuanian State.
For the first time in the history of Lithuanian museology the exhibition
is held in two museums: in Vilnius Art Gallery (portraits from XVI-XX-th
centuries) and in Radvila Palace (portraits from the beginning of the
XX-th century); total number of portraits displayed at the exhibition is
500.
Exhibition
of Works of the Royal European Masters in M.Žilinskas Gallery.
Exhibition
in Exposition – A Step of the Future in Lithuanian Museology
Romutis
NAVARDAUSKAS PALAIMA
M.K.Čiurlionis
National Art Museum
On the occasion of the 750-th jubilee of the king Mindaugas crown, the
exhibition “Under the Sign of the Crown” from the collections of
M.K.Čiurlionis Art Museum is held. Exposition displays the works of
Royal painters who did creative work for European kings and Roman
Catholic Popes; also, works of the Royal Porcelain Manufactories.
The sign of the crown appears with the works of art; biographies of the
masters, annotations of the works of art given at the exhibition.
Visitors could also compare the works of Royal masters and the works of
the ordinary masters displayed here as a context of the exposition.
Hungarian
Modern Ceramics in Kaunas
Vida MAŽRIMIENĖ
National M.K.Čiurlionis Art Museum
The exposition of Hungarian Modern ceramics from XIX-XX centuries is held
in M.K.Čiurlionis Art Museum. There are 83 works of ceramics from
Zsolnay Ceramics Enterprise and the sketches from Janus Pannonius
(Hungary) collections.
Regalia
of the Lithuanian Mayors in Trakai
Virgilijus POVILIŪNAS
Trakai Historical
Museum
Exhibition “Regalia of the Lithuanian Mayors” was open in Trakai
Historical Museum in May 16-th, 2003. There are regalia of 30 mayors of
60 Lithuanian towns and municipalities exposed here for the fist time in
Lithuania: chains and signs, signs of the members of the councils of the
towns, signs of the honorary citizens.
EDUCATION
Notes of the Participant of the
Expedition “The Way of Rafter from Kaunas to Rusnė"
Dainius ELERTAS
Lithuanian Sea Museum, Division of the History of Navigation
Lithuanian sea Museum has organized the international expedition “The
Way of Rafter from Kaunas to Rusnė” of the ethno-cultural project
“The Return of the Sailboat” in May 29-June 11-th, 2003. The purpose
of the project is to develop the knowledge of the fisherman’s culture
of Curonian lagoon’s region, to popularize this cultural heritage and
to complement it with the scientific research. The participants of the
expedition were Lithuanian museum specialists and the restorers of the
sailboats from Germany and Poland. They went down the Nemunas-river by
the restored ancient sailboats and a fishboat, making sops at the bigger
towns to expose the exhibition of the movable exposition about the
sailboats, to communicate with fisherman, to watch the relicts of the
river-sailboats.
Educational
Activities in Literary Museums
Birutė SARŽICKIENĖ
A.Pushkin Literary Museum
The International Conference, dedicated to the analysis of educational
activities in the literary museums, was held in June 5-7-th, 2003, in
A.Pushkin’s Museum. There were specialists from Lithuanian memorial
museums participating at the conference and, also, guests from Moscow
(Russia) and Tallinn (Estonia). There was the museum’s educational
project “My Alexander Pushkin” presented at the conference – the
sculpturing competition for school children based on the motives of the
literary works by and the biography of A.Pushkin.
The Day of
the Living History at The Žaliūkai Wind-Mill
Vitalija JOKŪBAITIENĖ
Teacher, Šiauliai Dainų Secondary School
Šiauliai Museum “Aušra” has organized the Day of the Living History
for the fourth time for school children of the Šiauliai town and
region. The school children were trained the old crafts at this Day:
potter’s, clerk’s, coin maker’s, mangler’s, ironing with coal
smoothing-iron, butter maker’s, rope-maker’s, pillow-maker’s etc
skills.
Within
the Scope of Museum Education – Modern and Contemporary Art
Lina KAROSIENĖ
Sculpture Museum of the Center of Europe
“Europos
Parkas” has held an international conference “Within
the Scope of Museum Education – Modern and Contemporary Art”
in May 29-30-th, 2003, to exchange experiences of educational strategies
representing contemporary art between Danish, Finnish, Great
Britain’s, Swedish and Lithuanian museum specialists.
COLLECTIONS
The
History of Lithuanian Tourism in the Tourist-Marks
Gintaras DŽIOVĖNAS
Lithuanian
National Museum, Department of Numismatic
The
author of the article reviews the history of the production of the
tourist-marks in Lithuania. The production of those was started in the
Soviet period for tourist organizations and on occasion of tourist
events as well. Before 1991, there were 200 marks made; also, about 50
medals and reward-sets, produced in the country. Lithuanian national
museum’s Department
of Numismatic preserves about 230 Lithuanian tourist- marks.
Exhibit
as the Communicational Artifact.
The Sixth Conference of Lithuanian museologists
Romutis NAVARDAUSKAS PALAIMA,
Chairman of
the Section of the Scientific Research of Collections, Lithuanian
Museum Association
The Sixth Conference of the Lithuanian Museum Association “Exhibit as
the Communicational Artifact” was held in the Šiauliai Museum “Aušra”
in May 6-th, 2003. Participants of the conference discussed the use of
the exhibits as the main disseminators of the information in museums,
expositions and educational programs.
IN THE RESTORER’S STUDIOS
"The
Return of “Madonna of Šiluva”: Research and Restoration
Jūratė SENVAITIENĖ
Lithuanian Art Museum, P.Gudynas Restoration Centre of Museum Treasures
Lithuanian
Art Museum, P.Gudynas Restoration Centre of Museum Treasures
has
restored the painting from the altar of the Basilica of the Birth of the
Virgin Maria “Madonna with the Child”. Šiluva is the one of five places in Europe
where the appearance of the Virgin Maria is officially recognized by the
Catholic Church; the painting by unknown Lithuanian master of XVII
century is considered as a miraculous one and is rewarded a Papal Crown.
The restorers of the center removed non-professional re-paintings and
returned the painting it’s original image.
ABROAD
Cultural
Tourism in the Horizon of the World Community
Loreta
Marija MEŠKELEVIČIENĖ,
Chairperson,
ICOM-Lithuania
ICOM, conscious of the contemporary world
culture dynamics and the discussion about cultural tourism and the
museum role, has taken the initiative to convene a Workshop on Museums,
Heritage and Cultural Tourism.
The Workshop was organised by the ICOM Secretariat, in collaboration
with the National Committees of Peru and Bolivia. It was held in
Trujillo, Peru and in La Paz, Bolivia, from 21 to 27 May 2000.
The Participants in the workshop discussed plans and policies in order
to develop detailed goals and strategies that will enable the correct
use, the appropriate interpretation and management of cultural heritage
in the context of its preservation and conservation for future
generations, and the respect and involvement of local communities.
The participants drew up
a
Proposal
for a Charter of Principles for Museums and Cultural Tourism
that offers guidance and gives a conceptual basis for ethical
professional practice. It outlines the required strategies and the aims
and objectives that would ensure that cultural heritage (including
museum collections) is enjoyed, interpreted and managed in a way that
favours its preservation and respect for future generations. The
participants based their work essentially on the ICOM Code
of Professional Ethics, bearing in mind the mission of
museums as non-profit making institutions in the service of society and
society's development and the ICOMOS International Cultural Tourism
Charter.
Conference
of Numismatists in Saint-Petersburg
Dalia
GRIMALAUSKAITĖ, Gintaras DŽIOVĖNAS
Lithuanian
National Museum, Department of Numismatics
There are the most interesting reports from the Conference of Numismatists
in Saint Petersburg of April 14-20, 2003, presented in the article. There
were, also, discussions about the falsifications of the ancient coins, which
is actual for Lithuanian numismatists, also, because nowadays there were
professionally falsified coins of Lithuanian Grand Duchy found; the falsified
Russian coins also appear in the Lithuanian market.